Energy Markets

Forecasting Ain't EV

Written by Weekly Market Update | Nov 21, 2025 3:43:18 PM

Energy Markets Update

Editor’s Note:  In this update, we track early-season gas volatility as inventories peak near 4 Tcf and LNG feedgas demand repeatedly tops 20 Bcf/d, lifting 2026–2027 strips back above $4.00/MMBtu. Policy signals remain mixed: DOE is weighing emergency actions to extend coal plant operations for winter reliability, COP30 proceeds without official U.S. federal participation, and Pennsylvania has formally withdrawn from RGGI. State-level shifts—including Massachusetts’ proposed RPS rollback—underscore growing affordability pressures. Meanwhile, evolving EV adoption trends and accelerating data center growth are reshaping long-term load forecasts, pushing grid operators and policymakers to lean more heavily on demand response and flexible-load strategies.

Table of Contents

Weekly Natural Gas Inventories

Source: EIA

 

Energy Market Update

  • The EIA reported the first withdrawal of the season yesterday, at 14 Bcf, after a 45 Bcf injection last week. Inventories peaked at 3.96 Tcf, a healthy position heading into the heating season.  
  • NYMEX gas futures for December delivery have been on a wild ride since the start of the month. The contract has traded within a 20% range over the past 10 days, falling last week after EIA’s higher-than-expected storage report but now cresting around $4.80 per MMBtu headed into the holiday week. With December around the corner, expect gas markets to become much more reactive to changing weather forecasts.
  • Calendar years 2026 and 2027 NYMEX strips followed a similar trend, reaching their highest points since July last week at $4.25 and $4.06, respectively. 
  • US LNG feedgas demand continues to set new daily demand records, topping 20 Bcf/d last week. Planned maintenance reduced demand in recent days, but with Golden Pass expected to come online in December, analysts predict we will eclipse 20 Bcf/d throughout January. For context, that is roughly 20% of daily dry gas production in the US being removed from supply. We cover the biggest moves made by E&Ps this year below. 
  • The North American Reliability Corporation (NERC) released its 2025-2026 Winter Reliability Assessment this week; all regions are expected to have adequate supply to meet peak demand, though some will be more prone to severe weather events, primarily New England and the Southeast. Overall, peak demand will be 20 GW higher year over year, while net capacity additions have increased by about 9.4 GW. 
  • COP30, the United Nations Climate Change Conference, ends tomorrow without having any official federal representatives present from the United States, a first. This comes as no surprise, considering the US withdrew from the Paris Agreement earlier this year; however, some state and local representatives were present to demonstrate the US’ commitment to climate action at the subnational level.
  • The Tri-State Generation and Transmission Association (Colorado, Nebraska, New Mexico, and Wyoming) received indications from the DOE that there will likely be an executive order to keep multiple Colorado coal plants online past their planned close dates. Similar orders were implemented earlier this year in Michigan and Pennsylvania, which we covered in a previous newsletter. Despite the cost of keeping these plants online, the DOE has cited grid reliability as the driving force behind these orders.
  • The U.S. Energy Information Administration reported that solar and wind have provided nearly 40% of Texas' power in 2025 so far, enabling the grid to accommodate record levels of demand as the datacenter buildout takes off.
  • In our last newsletter, we provided an update on RGGI, highlighting the lobbying effort to pull Pennsylvania out of the program due to higher compliance costs than in other states. Last week, PA officially withdrew from the program.
  • The Northeast Supply Enhancement Project, a natural gas pipeline running from Pennsylvania through New Jersey and ultimately supplying National Grid utilities in New York City and Long Island, was approved for construction last week. NY and NJ environmental agencies had previously rejected the project due to concerns about water-quality impacts.

Where Have All The Drillers Gone? 

Our analysts have been tracking the shift in Exploration & Production (E&Ps) companies’ activity from wet gas to dry gas plays all year. Despite a declining total rig count, the US  has been producing more natural gas than ever before. The growth pencils out in strategic pivots with drillers migrating away from oil-rich fields and flocking to dedicated natural gas hotspots. Whether these efficiency improvements and production gains can keep pace with accelerating demand will ultimately determine if natural gas prices and shareholder returns stabilize in 2026 - or if unforeseen supply constraints push prices significantly higher for buyers in the second half of 2026.

This week, let's jump right into a visual: the map below shows the lower 48 states and where our largest oil and natural gas reserves are being extracted for domestic consumption and international use. 

Source: EIA, Baker Hughes Rig Counts

  • The geographic nature of each play is important. The biggest growth play in ‘25 is the Haynesville shale play. This natural gas-rich region is where ‘roughnecks’, a long-held industry term for members of an oil and gas drilling crew, are flocking due to the dry supply being perfect for export and its close proximity to the export terminals on the Gulf Coast. The rig count here just jumped by nearly 31% over the last year, and production has already ticked up by 9% to 13.42 bcf/d. The Haynesville basin is much deeper than other US basins, causing it to be a more expensive location to drill in, but with the 2026 NYMEX calendar strip already topping $4/Dth, it is making the play appetizing. 2026 production numbers for the region are already projected to jump by 22% compared to 2025, up to 16.4 Bcf/d.
  • While the Permian Basin is America's largest and most reliable oil field, oil prices are down about 25% from their highs earlier in the year. The rig count in the Permian has fallen, and rigs are repositioned for better returns, moving out of the wet gas and into the dry gas market. The Marcellus & Utica shale region, the workhorse of the US shale industry, is seeing fewer wells drilled this year. The supply here isn't as appetizing due to the region’s less-integrated pipeline infrastructure, making it more difficult and more costly to get it to the Gulf Coast, where reliable export demand can be met. The chart below highlights the recent trend of wet gas rigs in the Permian pulling up their stakes and moving west to pull from the Haynesville basin.

Source: Baker Hughes Rig Counts 

  • LNG terminals now consume over 20% of the daily dry gas produced in the US. Most of them are heavily contracted well ahead of reaching commercial operations. Port Arthur, the first two trains of which are expected in 2027 and 2028, has already inked a long-term deal with Germany’s RWE Supply & Trading and ConocoPhillips, who intend to sell the cargo internationally, for nearly 300 Bcf/y. This month, Plaquemines secured another 20-year export deal, bringing that plant's total contracted load to a staggering 960 Bcf/year.
  • If drillers in 2026-2027 have located themselves at the most well-supplied gas plays and continue to support the ramp-up of our domestic needs and the new export terminals, we should expect gas prices to remain range-bound in the $3.75 - $4.50 / Dth. While the overarching market sentiment is that increasing LNG demand will outpace production growth, a 2.98 Bcf/d increase in Haynesville production could offset the ~2.4 Bcf/d increase projected for 2026 LNG demand.  Of course, we will be tuned into these “if” developments. The positioning of rigs will be instrumental in keeping natural gas prices for heating and electricity relatively stable here at home as the US extends itself further into global LNG markets.


     Source: Argus

EV Manufacturers Are Pumping the Brakes 

Despite a record quarter ahead of expiring tax incentives, electric vehicles are losing momentum in the United States. Sales growth has tempered, pushing major automakers to dial back expectations. For electric grids, and looking specifically at New York’s this week, we consider how changes in the EV market could impact power forecasts and infrastructure planning.

What’s Actually Happening in the EV Market

After years of double-digit growth, U.S. EV adoption is now increasing more slowly than earlier projections made during the first half of the decade. The EIA charts that 2024 and 2025 pure play EV sales - referring to lightweight vehicles that run only on plug-in power without a hybrid gas motor - have softened. Industry experts point to high vehicle prices,  charging accessibility concerns, and the phase-out of federal tax credits for many models.

EIA Quarterly U.S. Light-Duty Vehicle Sales by Powertrain 1Q15-1Q25

Source: EIA

Automakers are responding. Ford and other domestic majors such as General Motors, have pushed back on production targets and capital commitments for several EV programs. Internationally, Mercedes-Benz and Volkswagen have extended timelines for the phaseout of combustion engines.

NYISO’s View: EV Demand Still Grows

  • The state grid operator, NYISO, published electric usage projections (page 52)  earlier this year. We note their projections for EV load grow from 5,200 GWh in 2030 to 28,60 by 2040 and nearly 50,000 GWh by 2055. These projections can have real consequences on strategy, planning, and buildout if overstated, and given the recent slowdown in pure-play EV adoption, it's worth giving this scenario more attention. 
  • If EV adoption plateaus or grows more slowly than projected, New York could face a material mismatch between projected and actual electricity demand patterns through 2050. We reviewed and revised demand scenarios in which EV adoption slows or flattens relative to the 50,000 MW projection by 2050, potentially by 30-40% depending on the severity of the EV adoption shortfall. 


    Source: NYISO 2025 Load & Capacity Data Report, Veolia

If EV adoption significantly underperforms state projections, NYISO risks stranded generation and transmission assets. Even if data centers were to step into some of this demand, NYISO may need to redirect billions in planned infrastructure investments away from distributed charging networks and residential grid upgrades toward concentrated, high-capacity transmission serving data center hubs. 

This rebalancing could also impact the state's renewable energy buildout strategy, as data centers require reliable baseload power rather than the flexible, time-shifted charging loads that EVs were expected to provide for grid balancing. The state's 2050 decarbonization goals may need recalibration if transportation electrification - a key pillar of emissions reduction - fails to materialize at projected rates we’re currently seeing in their reports.

Massachusetts Energy Bill Could Put 2050 Net-Zero Goal on Ice

In response to ongoing concerns about rising energy costs, a group of Massachusetts lawmakers unveiled a sweeping energy-affordability bill (H.4744) that could reshape the state’s clean energy trajectory by scaling back statewide emissions-reduction targets, among other changes. 

H.4744 received unanimous 7-0 approval from the House Committee on Telecommunications, Utilities, and Energy, and now sits before the House Ways and Means Committee for review. While the bill remains in early stages, the focus on affordability from both legislative branches and Governor Maura Healey suggests momentum may be building for its passage.

The legislation builds on Governor Healey’s Energy Affordability, Independence & Innovation Act, filed earlier this year, which aimed to expand the state’s clean energy procurement authority, accelerate utility interconnection processes, and explore alternative energy sources such as nuclear and geothermal.

Sponsored by Rep. Mark Cusack, H.4744 would effectively render the state’s 2030 emissions target non-binding by altering the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) trajectory. The bill would:

  • Reduce the annual RPS increase from 3% to 1% through 2032
  • Restore the 3% annual increase from 2033 to 2037
  • Drop it again to 1% thereafter

These changes would effectively delay the already-scheduled 3% annual RPS ramp-up planned for 2026-2029, softening near-term clean energy requirements in the name of rate relief.

The RPS currently costs Massachusetts ratepayers over $1.2 billion annually, but it also supports a significant in-state renewable energy industry and is deeply intertwined with other policies and programs, including Boston’s Building Emissions Reduction and Disclosure Ordinance (BERDO). Additional provisions in the bill would:

  • Require 70% of Alternative Compliance Payments under the RPS to be returned directly to ratepayers, diverting funds that currently support local renewable projects
  • Make older (pre-2019) renewable resources, primarily hydropower, eligible for full Clean Peak credits, potentially shifting value away from newer clean energy projects.
  • Transfer clean energy procurement responsibilities from utilities to the state by creating a new procurement committee housed within the Department of Energy Resources (DOER)
  • Cut Mass Save’s triennial budget by $330 million (an 11% reduction) and cap future program budgets at $4 billion

Mass Save programs currently represent roughly 7% of the electric rates charged by Massachusetts utilities. The proposed cuts would yield less than 1% in rate savings, according to program estimates, compared to the $2.8 billion in benefits Mass Save delivered in 2024. By statute, Mass Save’s portfolio must maintain a benefit-cost ratio greater than 1.0, meaning the programs must return more in energy and non-energy benefits than they cost.

We’ve been tracking a broader regional trend as Northeast states reassess the pace and structure of their clean energy commitments, including recent moves in New York and Pennsylvania. Against this backdrop, a central question looms: can Massachusetts still credibly achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 if it weakens near-term requirements and funding mechanisms?

In an era of higher construction and financing costs, rising import duties, curtailed incentives, and unpredictable federal permitting timelines, the challenge is not unique to the Bay State. The emerging question for policymakers across the region - and nationally - is whether any state can hit its long-term net-zero targets while simultaneously dialing back the very policies designed to get it there.

Increased Demand, Demands, Demand Response

Last week, the EIA published its Short-Term Energy Outlook, which predicted that electricity sales will increase by 2.4% in 2025 and an additional 2.6% in 2026. With rising demand and associated costs (see charts below), ratepayers, utilities, and regulators are growing anxious about the source of new supply. Demand response is a part of the solution. In a previous newsletter, we briefly touched on how demand response can provide the quickest path to relieving scarcity and improving grid reliability. In this article, we will take a deeper dive into where we see demand response programs heading in 2026.

Source: EIA

The EIA’s outlook noted that growth will be most significant in areas with increased data center activity, such as Northern Virginia, Texas, Ohio, etc. Stakeholders are increasingly proposing that data centers be equipped with flexible demand capabilities as a prerequisite for interconnecting to the grid. Large load integration can be expensive for ratepayers due to: (1) the impact of regional constraints on price and reliability, (2) significantly higher clearing prices for energy and capacity due marginal economics of price formation, (3) cost shifting as large loads are able to contractually secure supply while burdening the bulk power system with higher costs, and (4) infrastructure upgrades. Reducing load during peak demand hours reduces the immediate need for these expensive upgrades and real-time marginal price increases.

Many states are trying to bring their laws up to date with the harsh realities large loads present, as well as the opportunities they offer. Most notably, SB 6 in Texas requires large electricity consumers (75 MW or greater) to participate in mandatory demand management programs and possess remote disconnection capability, even allowing the grid operator to cut power during grid emergencies. Other states, including Virginia, Maryland, New Jersey, Georgia, and California, are considering similar measures. 

Whether mandated by law, economics, or necessity, stakeholders are increasingly turning to demand response across all customers as an effective way to promote grid reliability and protect ratepayers. While utilities and grid operators are principally concerned with reliability, many of our customers see the benefits of demand response as an effective way to reduce their electric costs by lowering their facility’s demand charges. These come in many flavors, including monthly ratchet, monthly coincident peak, and seasonal coincident peak. Reducing load during a few peak hours can result in hundreds of dollars in savings per kW, depending on location.

Load reduction can be a manual process, requiring facility managers to be aware of when peak-demand days occur and respond accordingly to reduce load during those periods However, the future of demand response can be much more automated through integrated energy management systems. By integrating with BMS in real time and leveraging predictive analytics, these systems can evaluate opportunities to reduce load and optimize operations without manual intervention. This could evolve into automated dispatch sequencing involving pre-cooling or pre-heating, and cycling between different mechanical equipment. 

Recognizing the increased importance of demand response in addressing reliability, efficiency, and cost concerns, Veolia acquired IceTec Energy Services this past summer and is integrating the company under the Veolia Flexible Energy Services service line. Flexible Energy Services is a digital and distributed energy management technology, leveraging its integrated systems to automate demand response efforts. According to the team, the market for more sophisticated energy management is currently worth $20.8B and is set to more than double to $41.2B within the next five years. Customers that have partnered with IceTec have achieved impactful results, including:

  • 5-10% reduction in energy use
  • 15-20% increase in operational savings
  • Over 50% improvement in asset efficiency 
  • Over $100k in added revenue

As demand response has proven a successful solution to bolstering grid reliability and mitigating the impact of rising utility rates in recent years, it’s easy to see why the market has nowhere to go but up. Be on the lookout for the next edition, where we’ll interview DR expert Matthew Wolfe from Veolia Flexible Energy Services. If you would like an introduction to the Flexible Energy Services technology platform or to learn more about its capabilities, please reach out to commodity@veolia.com!


Market Data

 

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